To get the length of a string value, use the function strlen. This is because C language is rich in features that make it behave like a high level language while at the same time can interact with hardware using low level methods.
The use of a well structured approach to programming, coupled with English-like words used in functions, makes it act as a high level language. On the other hand, C can directly access memory structures similar to assembly language routines.
Source codes in C are saved with. C file extension. Header files or library files have the. H file extension. Every time a program source code is successfully compiled, it creates an. OBJ object file, and an executable. EXE file. Reserved words are words that are part of the standard C language library. This means that reserved words have special meaning and therefore cannot be used for purposes other than what it is originally intended for. Examples of reserved words are int, void, and return.
A linked list is composed of nodes that are connected with another. In C programming, linked lists are created using pointers. Using linked lists is one efficient way of utilizing memory for storage. In C programming, there is a data structure known as queue. A queue represents a line wherein the first data that was stored will be the first one that is accessible as well.
Binary trees are actually an extension of the concept of linked lists. A binary tree has two pointers, a left one and a right one.
Each side can further branch to form additional nodes, which each node having two pointers as well. All reserved words must be written in lowercase; otherwise the C compiler would interpret this as unidentified and invalid. In the first expression, the increment would happen first on variable a, and the resulting value will be the one to be used. This is also known as a prefix increment.
In the second expression, the current value of variable a would the one to be used in an operation, before the value of a itself is incremented. This is also known as postfix increment.
C language is a case sensitive language. An endless loop can mean two things. One is that it was designed to loop continuously until the condition within the loop is met, after which a break function would cause the program to step out of the loop. Another idea of an endless loop is when an incorrect loop condition was written, causing the loop to run erroneously forever. Endless loops are oftentimes referred to as infinite loops. A flowchart provides a visual representation of the step by step procedure towards solving a given problem.
Flowcharts are made of symbols, with each symbol in the form of different shapes. The word void is a reserved word in C language. You cannot use reserved words as a user-defined variable. Assuming that INT is a variable of type float, this statement is valid. One may think that INT is a reserved word and must not be used for other purposes. However, recall that reserved words are express in lowercase, so the C compiler will not interpret this as a reserved word.
When you create and use functions that need to perform an action on some given values, you need to pass these given values to that function. The values that are being passed into the called function are referred to as actual arguments.
This is used to insert a new line when displaying data in the output screen. A newline escape sequence can be placed before the actual output expression or after. It is the process of transferring data to an alternative output source other than the display screen. Output redirection allows a program to have its output saved to a file.
These are errors that occur while the program is being executed. One common instance wherein run-time errors can happen is when you are trying to divide a number by zero. When run-time errors occur, program execution will pause, showing which program line caused the error.
These 2 functions basically perform the same action, which is to get the absolute value of the given value. Abs is used for integer values, while fabs is used for floating type numbers. In using functions in a C program, formal parameters contain the values that were passed by the calling function. The values are substituted in these formal parameters and used in whatever operations as indicated within the main body of the called function.
Control structures take charge at which instructions are to be performed in a program. This means that program flow may not necessarily move from one statement to the next one, but rather some alternative portions may need to be pass into or bypassed from, depending on the outcome of the conditional statements. The switch statement is best used when dealing with selections based on a single variable or expression.
However, switch statements can only evaluate integer and character data types. Global variables are variables that can be accessed and manipulated anywhere in the program. To make a variable global, place the variable declaration on the upper portion of the program, just after the preprocessor directives section. Enumerated types allow the programmer to use more meaningful words as values to a variable. Each item in the enumerated type variable is actually associated with a numeric code.
It is used to convert any letter to its upper case mode. Note that this function will only convert a single character, and not an entire string. Yes, that is allowed in C programming. You just need to include the entire function prototype into the parameter field of the other function where it is to be used.
Multidimensional arrays are capable of storing data in a two or more dimensional structure. For example, you can use a 2 dimensional array to store the current position of pieces in a chess game, or position of players in a tic-tac-toe program. The strcat function. It takes two parameters, the source string and the string value to be appended to the source string.
Both functions will accept a character input value from the user. When using getch , the key that was pressed will not appear on the screen, and is automatically captured and assigned to a variable.
When using getche , the key that was pressed by the user will appear on the screen, while at the same time being assigned to a variable. Yes, they both do the exact same thing, which is to accept the next key pressed by the user and assign it to variable named letter. Structure types are primarily used to store records. A record is made up of related fields.
This makes it easier to organize a group of related data. Previous data that was stored on that file will be erased.
Text files contain data that can easily be understood by humans. It includes letters, numbers and other characters. On the other hand, binary files contain 1s and 0s that only computers can interpret. Previous Page. Next Page.
Previous Page Print Page. Save Close. C Programming Interview Questions This section provides a huge collection of C Programming Interview Questions with their answers hidden in a box to challenge you to have a go at them before discovering the correct answer.
C Programming Online Test If you are preparing to appear for a Java and C Programming Framework related certification exam, then this section is a must for you. See examples below:. Identify and correct the errors in each of the following statements. Note: There may be more than Indentify and correct the errors in each of the following. Find the error in each of the following.
Note: There may be more than one error. The following The elements of an Write a printf or scanf statement for each of the following: Print unsigned integer left Explanation: A structure is a user defined data type which contains related variables which have Answer: Files Explanation: A file is a collection of data that is stored in the storage devices. Function Prototypes and Definitions Explain the difference between a function prototype and a Scope Resolution Operator Whats the purpose of the scope resolution operator?
Memory Allocation and Deallocation Operators Compare and contrast dynamic memory allocation and Thus, polymorphism ExceptionException Handling1. Division by ZeroThis exception is handled by defining a catch Given information: The given base is Explanation: The digits of base 12 number system
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